Sued in Michigan Small Claims Court?
What to do if you've been served with a small claims summons in Michigan — how to respond, defend yourself, countersue, and appeal.
Being sued in small claims court can feel overwhelming — but Michigan's process is designed for everyday people, not lawyers. Most cases are resolved in a single hearing lasting 15–30 minutes. This guide walks you through every step from receiving the summons to the hearing, and explains your options if you lose.
Step-by-Step: What to Do as a Defendant
Read the summons carefully
Your summons will state the claim amount, the plaintiff's name, and your hearing date. Note the date, time, and courthouse location. In Michigan, the small claims court is the Small Claims Division.
Don't ignore it — respond or appear
You generally don't need to file a written response in Michigan small claims — you just need to appear at the hearing. However, if you plan to file a counterclaim, do that in advance. Ignoring the summons results in a default judgment against you.
Gather your evidence
Collect everything that supports your version of events: contracts, receipts, invoices, text messages, emails, photos, bank statements, and any written communications. Organize them chronologically and make 3 copies — for the judge, the plaintiff, and yourself.
Consider filing a counterclaim
File a written counterclaim before or at the hearing. Michigan's limit is $7,000. A counterclaim lets you seek money from the plaintiff in the same hearing, which can be a powerful negotiating tool.
Know the rules on attorneys
Attorneys are permitted and relatively common in Michigan small claims (District Court). Even if attorneys are allowed, most defendants represent themselves in small claims court.
Attend the hearing and present your defense
Be on time. When it's your turn, calmly present your evidence and explain why you don't owe what the plaintiff is claiming. Stick to facts — judges have little patience for emotional arguments. Keep your statements focused on the specific dispute.
Appeal within 21 days if you lose
If judgment is entered against you, you have 21 days to file an appeal with the Circuit Court. Appeals in most states require a filing fee and result in a new trial (de novo). Act quickly — missing this deadline means the judgment becomes final.
Evidence Checklist for Defendants
Michigan-Specific Tips for Defendants
Michigan's 21-day appeal window is shorter than most states — act quickly if you plan to appeal.
Attorneys are allowed in Michigan small claims, and plaintiffs (especially businesses) sometimes use them. Don't be intimidated — focus on your evidence.
Michigan requires a Writ of Garnishment for wage or bank account collection — this takes time and must be applied for separately after a judgment.
What Happens If You Lose
Check Michigan's Small Claims Limit
Confirm the maximum claim amount in your state. If the plaintiff is suing for more than the limit, their case may be improperly filed.
Check the Limit →